Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Small Ruminants: Updated Review

Abstract

Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP), a highly contagious Mycoplasmal respiratory disease affecting goats, poses a significant global threat. Sheep and goats are vulnerable to CCPP in various countries in Asia and Africa. The first occurrence of this sickness was recorded in Algeria in 1873. The cause of CCPP is Mccp. These bacteria are Mollicutes, a kind of organism with tiny genomes and galactan as food but no cell walls (0.58–1.35 Mb). They have a limited capacity for biosynthesis and can infect animals with a variety of diseases. This abstract outline the economic impact, historical context, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches associated with CCPP. One of the most serious and contagious diseases affecting goats is known as CCPP, in countries that use goat husbandry, especially in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. It has caused significant losses in terms of economics, and there have been substantial morbidity and mortality rates, particularly for exotic breeds; a 100% morbidity rate and an 80% mortality rate have been observed in native and naive herds. The disease has the potential to spread to countries with no prior exposure through trade connections. CCPP is becoming a major concern to other countries that have either never experienced this highly infectious illness or are at risk of catching it due to frequent commerce with the afflicted countries or the geographically nearby neighborhood. Molecular assays are emerging as crucial diagnostic tools due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Understanding CCPP's history, impact, and diagnostic methods is essential for effective prevention, control, and management of this infectious disease.